CEL Token Economics
VRF Committee Consensus
Stake-weighted participation with reputation-based selection
Token Specifications
Unit Conversion
Note: All on-chain balances are stored as the smallest unit (10^-10 CEL). When displaying to users, divide by 10,000,000,000 to get CEL.
Participation Levels
Stake CEL to unlock different validator roles. Higher stakes enable more responsibilities and greater rewards.
Light
0 CELObserve and store block data
Voter
10 CELParticipate in finality voting
Executor
100 CELExecute transactions & compute state
Sequencer
1,000 CELPropose and sequence blocks
Block Rewards
Rewards are distributed every block (~800ms) to all active participants. With 800ms blocks, a Sequencer earns approximately 10,800 CEL/day if selected for every block.
Committee Roles
Sequencer
1,000 CEL min
Orders and proposes transactions into blocks
Executor
100 CEL min
Executes transactions and computes state changes
Voter
10 CEL min
Participates in 2/3 supermajority voting
DA Node
0 CEL min
Stores and serves block data for availability
Reputation System
Reputation determines your weight in VRF selection. Higher reputation = higher chance of being selected for committee roles.
Reputation Gains
- Correct duty completion+1
- 24 hours online+5
- 100 blocks participation+10
- Endorsing good validator+20
Reputation Penalties
- Missed duty-10
- Wrong data submitted-50
- Fraud detected-500
- Inactivity (7+ days)-5/day
Slashing Penalties
| Offense | Penalty | Severity | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Double Signing | 100% | Critical | Complete stake loss |
| Fraud | 50% | Severe | Significant penalty |
| Invalid Execution | 25% | Medium | Execution errors |
| Invalid Vote | 10% | Minor | Voting violations |
| Data Unavailability | 5% | Low | DA node failures |
Note: Critical and Severe offenses (Double Signing, Fraud) result in the validator being permanently marked as slashed and unable to participate until governance intervention.
Staking & Unstaking
Staking Process
- 1Register as a validator with your BLS public key
- 2Stake CEL tokens (amount determines eligible roles)
- 3VRF selects you for committee based on reputation
- 4Earn rewards for successful duty completion
Unstaking Process
- 1Request unstake (initiates lock period)
- 2Wait 7 days (604,800 blocks) lock period
- 3Complete unstake to receive tokens
During the lock period, your tokens cannot be used and you cannot participate in consensus.
Transaction Fees
Fee Calculation
fee = gas_limit × gas_priceFee Priority
Transactions are ordered by gas_price (highest first). To ensure faster inclusion, set a higher gas price during network congestion.
Tip: With 800ms block times and 35,000 TPS capacity, most transactions confirm in under 2 seconds.
Network Parameters
Tokenomics v4.0 • VRF Committee System • Celereum Foundation
Values sourced from celereum-core stake.rs and genesis.rs